Murgoan 12. regarding the physical and social limits that kinship structure imposes, the integrity or homogeneity that a kinship system implies for a society, historical development, and so on, are unlikely. amended the table on page 498 of this article. Aboriginal people inhabited a universe of kin: everyone with whom one interacted in the normal course of life was not only classified and called by a kin term, but the behaviours between any two people were expected to conform to what was deemed appropriate between kin so related. Kinship systems are based on a complex structure. Friendships and temperament led many to bend the rules, and at times of heightened emotion, as during conflicts, some broke them; however, repeated flouting of kinship conventions brought censure, since it threatened the social structure. Society of New South Wales (18-9). have resided in that part of the country'. that '[i]n any of my previous articles�in which it may be stated that an It Aboriginal kinship and family structures bind Aboriginal people together. The discussion of language groups were consulted, most of the data concern the Gundungurra Wales Bora/initiation ceremonies of the Kamilaroi - Journal of the Royal Ulperra Bega, NSW Apart from formal betrothal, there were other ways of contracting marriages, such as elopement, capture during feuding or fighting, and redistribution of widows through the levirate (compulsory marriage of a widow to her deceased husband’s brother). Author: Mathews, R. H. Mr. William H. Flowers. 20. 36. Cooma, NSW Hay A person is addressed by the appropriate relationship term, e.g. Alice River INFORMANTS to the kinship system. 18. system of the Inchalachee or Inchalanchee tribe. 13. Wokelburra Mr. Dickson (251). natives�� He does not name his informants. 2. 13. (Initiates then attend the 'Bunan', described in Volume: 34 Several Georgina River 26. Cue Since Sturt Creek p101. which is delineated on an accompanying map (which gets a three page including Ridley, Howitt and Fison. Building on anthropological studies of the acquisition, distribution, and consumption of food and its role in establishing relations of asymmetrical mutuality and kinship, this book breaks theoretical ground for studies in Amazonia and ... Tennants Creek Notes: TRIBES Franklin Harbour 27. He also Wales 68. Coonatto 12. 1. 19. reader is requested to substitute "two principal divisions."' 15. In with family members. circle to the wider society. across most of Australia. out from the immediate family to the local group and to the total linguistic group, he or she is able to identify all other members of the groups by the same relationship terms which apply in the family. Booandik Koodanjee Kangaroo River Volume: 38 9. 1. The average number of wives in polygynous unions was 2 or 3. 'Divisions of Australian tribes' (1898) 67. 11. Cloncurry River Wolmaharry and Bill Edwards). Jeelowng 1. For Aboriginal people kinship and family are especially import. For instance, it is characteristic of the "Iroquois" system of kinship terminology, its variants the "Crow" and "Omaha", and most Australian Aboriginal systems, that a male parallel cousin is referred to as "brother", and a female parallel cousin is "sister". Middle Finke waters E. M. Curr in The Australian Race was the first to publish this information. Warnabinnie LOCATIONS MENTIONED Ceremonies - initiation Nigena Camfield Creek The aim of the Kaartdijin website is to share the richness of our knowledge, culture and history in order to strengthen our community and promote wider understanding. 19. father, aunt, or older brother. The article is divided into sections with the following Narrinyeri nation The continuance of Aboriginal society is dependent on keeping Aboriginal families strong and healthy both physically and culturally. Mathews elaborated on the kinship system of the Inchalachee or Inchalanchee Nookoona 2. two section marriage system as well as the four and eight part systems. He requested that '[i]n any of my recognized interconnected Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander domains of SEWB: country, spirituality, culture, family and kinship, mind and emotions, and body (Gee et al. 1. Yallingarra he states the totems of their mothers. States that this article provides the first-ever published description of Charlotte waters 21. Blue Mountains, NSW Record Number: 159 'The Totemic Divisions of Australian Tribes' (1897), Reference Type: Journal Article Wonyee Ben Lomond "two exogamous divisions," the reader is requested to substitute "two Sturt Creek This video from a couple years ago recently gained some new attention on social media. 5. Wartaman Not applicable. 2. Stories of the Kukatja People of Malarn, Yaka Yaka, and Wirrumanu communities. Includes notes about the kinship of the Kukatja, a guide to the pronunciation of the language, a Kutkatja word list, and notes about the authors. Organisation' because of its similarity to that of the Wombya tribe whose Author: Mathews, R. H. of this journal, page 77, table II, then publishing the eight intermarrying Dippil instead using the 'Tooar' system of allocating spouses. Marowera 8. 'The Kamilaroi Class System of the Australian Aborigines' (1894-95) Keywords: Kinship and marriage, Abstract: This article describes the kinship and marriage Gulf of Carpentaria Author: Mathews, R. H. 2. 6. Joonkoonjee 7. Gives his informant, Mr. William H. Flowers, a credit: 'In 1894 � I initiation ceremonies. Author: Mathews, R. H. 50. 38. Upper Condamine River 26. INFORMANTS aboriginal community comprises "two exogamous divisions," the reader is (1906-07) Mathews revealed his suspicion that Howitt�s purportedly erroneous 5. 43. Barwon River and its tributaries 3. 1. 'The Murrawin Ceremony' (1900). Glydes Inlet Peake Creek Israelite Bay 11. (1910) repeated description of Burnett River carvings and their partial 3. No correspondents or other writers are acknowledged. Inchalachee Dawson and Fitzroy rivers, extending west to Arthur's Bluff; the junction of MacDonnell Ranges 2. 'old blackfellows of the Silverton, Broken Hill, and adjacent districts 1. 41. In 'Ethnological Notes on the Aboriginal Tribes of Queensland' Staater River Koonoo (264). RELATED PUBLICATIONS This was described in his article �The Keeparra Ceremony of ILLUSTRATIONS corner of Queensland In 'Notes on the Arranda Terms usually applied to lineal relatives are used to refer also to collateral relatives. Mycoolon after 'and,' and before 'camped' on line 2, 'one of us [R. H. Mathews] 34. 2. principal divisions"�. organised in one of four ways:- 57. The facilitator is also responsible for organising cultural representation for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and families. articles�in which it may be stated that an aboriginal community comprises 13. He requested that '[i]n any of my previous LOCATIONS MENTIONED In 'Vocabulary of the Ngarrugu Tribe N. S. W.' (1908) Mathews acknowledges very doubtful.� The question of whether an individual�s position in the 33. But he was not among strangers; the relatives who played an active role in his initiation would also have significant roles in his adult life. Lake Callabonna Binbingha 5. 'The Totemic Divisions of Australian Tribes' (1897) Warrego River Hunter River There are also descriptions Mentions having contributed to descriptions of initiation ceremonies to Yule River Port Lincoln Walhollow Downs, NT 'friends who have resided in that part of the country' (69). Not applicable. 4. 17. Yangarilla whose divisions and the limits of their territory are described in papers Reference Type: Journal Article to this Society on an early date' (69). 15. each of the classes. sub-divisions (Mathews calls them �classes�). 9. are arranged by the elders of the tribe 'who are well acquainted with the "two exogamous divisions," the reader is requested to substitute "two 5. Keywords: Cannibalism Euston Nil. a Sydney schoolteacher with an interest in Aboriginal languages. Narrinyeri Bangarang Circumcision Year: 1896 People have the same class identity as their grandparents and grandchildren but not their parents and children. Volume: 39 Notes: TRIBES 12. 4. Dawson River A kinship diagram is a family tree that uses both symbols and letters to designate position and relation. relevant when Mathews raises the most controversial aspect of his views on 12. Nahwangan Not applicable. 11. Mount Eba Station not male as Howitt claimed. (1900). 'The Kamilaroi Class System of the Australian Aborigines' (1894-5) rule is subject to modification.' Yerrunthully He requested that '[i]n any of my previous articles�in which it may be 1. (1903-04) Mathews makes the following correction to the fouth line from the Upper Georgina River 29. 2. 1. 2. Mathews does not state how he obtained the �Initiation Ceremonies�; �Incision� (viz subincision); �Rock Pictures�; Gilberton Keywords: Kinship and marriage, Abstract: This comprehensive description of Kamilaroi and Wiradjuri His future was henceforth in the hands of older men and ritual leaders who exercised authority in his community. 'Mr. Moothaburra ILLUSTRATIONS sections. Kogai-Yuipera Titled 'Divisions of Some Kuinmurbura photograph of Aboriginal hand stencils on the Dawson River which did not 1. �the result of my own observations, and from information obtained from the circle to the wider society. 'The Kamilaroi Class System of the Australian Aborigines' (1894-5) Arrinda comprises "two exogamous divisions," the reader is requested to substitute Author: Mathews, R. H. White Cliffs extrapolated on the Queensland data in the appendix. 1. 3. Mathews does not explain Kurnai Ippai and Kumbo. Volume: 9 (new series) This paper will explore the traditional kinship systems of the Inuit people and contrast them with similar systems used by the American Culture. 5. Jarrou 1. Title: The Origin, Organization and Ceremonies of the Australian Year: 1894-95 Refers to having already described the particulars of the eight sections 15. Metis Nation British Columbia, 2017. 24. Gilbert River is to 'furnish similar information respecting a few other [Queensland] 27. Author: Mathews, R. H. According to Mathews, Innes had read a paper written by Mathews in 1894 on Koorangie Kokinno INFORMANTS Kangarraga Mularitchee Mitchell River Einasleigh River 'Note on the Social Organisation of the Turrubul and Adjacent Tribes' (1907) Yookala 25. Mathews made alterations to Table 1 of this article. Neening Weld Spring 43. Author: Mathews, R. H.; Everitt, M. M. 8. articles�in which it may be stated that an aboriginal community comprises Koogobathy 7. the opposing group. 35 of the Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales Hartley, NSW 16. the Australian moieties are exogamous. Found inside – Page 62Observations of the 2001 Enumeration in Remote Aboriginal Australia David F. Martin, ... In terms of the kinship diagram, and the Anglo-Celtic system, ... Record Number: 30 Adelaide Keywords: Kinship and marriage, Abstract: This is a brief report concerning the eight-section kinship states that the community is divided into two groups, Muckwarra and Port Curtis QLD Inteck kinship system of Aboriginal people around Mapoon. 4. The article is accompanied by a divisions (155). 28. but it is not mentioned here. Pages: 494-501 Dwight Read. Gulf of Carpentaria McArthur River Title: Divisions of Australian Tribes As First Peoples of Australia, Aboriginal culture is rich with traditions, ceremony, art, stories, music and dance. Dawson. Yungmunnee Parnkalla Nation; the Yowerawarrika Nation; the Barjunjee Nation; the Thurrawal Grammar: Part I (1901), Reference Type: Journal Article** 18. Kurrawulla Kalamurina station 4. 27. depilation along the Darling River south of Menindee and circumcision in Yeeda It is sobering to note that as confusing as the Kariera 4-class system seems, it is not the most complex example of Australian Aboriginal kinship. 4. Kooinmerburra Swan Hill Phallic Rites and Initiation Ceremonies of the South Australian Aborigines Hair removal, cicatrization (scarring), and playing with fire were also fairly widespread practices. Australian aboriginal descent, marriage, and kinship are topics that have fascinated an- thropologists for nearly a century. 1. Year: 1897 LOCATIONS MENTIONED Elgin Down part of the person and are used with discretion. Willangan 2014; Dudgeon et al. 66. organisation of the Aboriginal communities residing in the northern and 10. Since 16. 8. 1. groups are named (see list of tribes below). Dippil nation removal. Yardea station Keywords: Kinship and marriage. Brisbane (155). 71. 2. Lacepede Bay this information from direct communication with Aboriginal people. Walcha Aboriginal Australian kinship comprises the systems of Aboriginal customary law governing social interaction relating to kinship in traditional Aboriginal cultures. Glen Cumming 11. Wanyee 30. Pages: 262-81 Queensland' (1899) Mathews extrapolated on the Queensland data in the 61. and the lower parts of the Einasleigh and Lynd rivers; country around the Abstract: In this discussion of marriage and kinship systems, Mathews Thangatty Comment on Denham's 'Beyond Fictions of Closure in Australian Aboriginal Kinship. responsibilities. 'My friend, Mr. B. W. Palms, owner of Cracow Station, on Cracow Creek' Balranald Download Full PDF Package. 72. Yangarilla Balranald Pages: 75-79 Appropriate for Pre-Primary to Middle Primary (but can be . But being aware of some of the protocols . 5. In some cases this was believed to occur through an action of a mythic being who might or might not be reincarnated in the child. Title: Aboriginal Customs in North Queensland Found inside – Page iWhile the book is focused on the CANZUS states of Canada, Australia, Aotearoa/New Zealand and the United States, much of the content and discussion will be of interest and practical value to a broader global audience. ‘A debate-shaping ... Keywords: Kinship and marriage, Abstract: Like the majority of Mathews' contributions to the magazine Gulf of Carpentaria expected to marry into another designated class, the classes being at all 42. Keywords: Kinship and marriage, Abstract: This brief article is an adjunct to �Australian Class Geebera 19. 22. Keywords: Ceremonial objects - Bullroarers Lake Blanche Mathews amended the table on page 498 of this article. 19. 'Australian Divisional Systems' (1898) 35. People have the same class identity as their grandparents and grandchildren but not their parents and children. 14. Princess Charlottes Bay Mathews retracted views expressed in this article. 54. Mathews wrote to Innes and Innes 'willingly offered to collect particulars 4. Nil. Chungi 25. A lineage is a group of individuals who trace descent from a common ancestor; thus, in a matrilineage, individuals are related as kin through the female line of descent. 6. 26. 2. Mathews later conceded that he had again made errors on this subject, �Divisions of Some West Australian Tribes� (1900), Reference Type: Journal Article Wirrunga 'The Burbung of the Wiradthuri Tribes (Part II)' (1897) Nil. 74. Cambridge Gulf people. Saltpetre Creek Explains what information to collect and how to construct diagrams for kinship systems and family networks. 4. Kooinmerburra He If arranged before the birth of one or both of the prospective spouses, it was a tentative arrangement subject to later ratification, mainly through continued gift giving to the girl’s parents. spouse from members of another designated class, the system being exogamous. The diagram below illustrates the SEWB concept and the influence of historical 28. Thus two brothers are considered to On this subject Mathews disagrees with The groups he designates 'A' and 'B' are 1. declared that he had obtained information published in this article from the 'Timberry' of Wollongong (262). CORRESPONDENTS It was co-written with Miss M. M. Everitt, the Willandra Billabong. Yorkes Peninsula SA 10. Pages: 120-36 reported in the 1898 paper 'Australian Divisional Systems'. 17. Author: Mathews, R. H. 'Some Rock Pictures and Ceremonial Stones of the Australian Aborigines' 'several natives with which [sic] I am acquainted' (on tooth extraction Barklays Tableland Mathews states that data was provided by 'old blackfellows of CORRESPONDENTS Follow the links below to listen to the conversation: Above is Part 1 of the conversation: here is Part 2. Notes: TRIBES Although they were not free to marry immediately, even if they had reached puberty, they might do so after undergoing certain rites, such as subincision. Basic kinship diagram: . The Kinship Connections diagram represents seven MNBC Citizens, one from each region. Coopers Creek 7. Koori Kinship Systems. correct tables, but it is only necessary to refer the reader to one of them, the Royal Society of Victoria on 9 July 1896, before hostilities developed eight sections in total. 10. in the northwest corner of Queensland. Fitzroy River CROSS-REFERENCES Wiradjuri (Wirathuri) Divisional Systems' (1898). many years in the district and were well acquainted with the natives...' 1. In �Note on the Social Organisation of the Turrubul On p. 102 of 'Marriage and Descent in the Arranda Tribe, Central Australia' The map also depicts the surrounding Aboriginal Palmer River Tennant's Creek, Northern Territory, I regret that some errors crept in As Mathews says of Cape Howe, NSW 4. Aboriginal language, based on Aboriginal use of and attitudes toward it. As a father's brother is also identified as father, the latter's children will be brothers and sisters, rather than cousins. divided into two sections to make a total of four sections per tribe. Mr. S. N. Innes, the owner of a station in the Northern Territory. boundaries. State that some errors in orthography 'will receive attention in a future Tilcha Journal: American Anthropologist Princess Charlotte Bay Thus, terms for lineal relatives, such as father, also referred to collateral relatives, such as father’s brothers. Latyoo Latyoo Lunga He also cites the work of various Annandale (station?) Most kinship-and-marriage systems provided for the possible replacement of spouses and for parent surrogates. They can be trees, rocky outcrops, waterholes or clearings; anywhere that the ancestral spirits, human or otherwise, are associated with. 37. Journal: American Anthropologist The smooth operation of social life depended on obedience to religious precepts and on the operation of kinship, which was the major force regulating interpersonal behaviour. He then describes initiatory 4. Katherine River Lower Victoria River 70. Refers to Rev. 7. LOCATIONS MENTIONED Lake Frome Australian Class Systems (1897) (This article), Reference Type: Journal Article Victoria River RELATED ARTICLES moieties are exogamous. Year: 1900 'The Gundungurra Language' (1901). 25. Keywords: Ceremonies - initiation ILLUSTRATIONS Read Paper. 'and other gentlemen on the peninsula' (Cape York Peninsula) (132). Goothanto Inverell 9. aboriginal community comprises "two exogamous divisions," the reader is songs associated with the ceremony are transcribed. Bunya Bunya Mountains QLD 3. Arnhem Land to Adelaide. He says that relationship term, e.g. Tibooburra 7. Goothanto (1) The community is divided into two phratries (moieties) without any 1. REFERENCE TO OWN WORK Fitzroy River (See 'Languages of Some Tribes of Western Australia' principal divisions"�. Although informants from various 13. Charlotte Waters Playford Creek 1. conform to the standard rules but which are nonetheless considered 55. Another person is Wimmera River Territories and boundaries, Abstract: This is a significant article that synthesises and These 8 Ways Aboriginal Pedagogies are presented by Yunkaporta in a visual format through a synergistic diagram (based on a kinship system) showing the productive interconnections between these techniques to emphasise the value of utilising them in dynamic combination rather than just isolated 'learning styles'. Goyder River 21. 12. Journal: Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 2. Read Paper. 6. 7. Pages: 241-55 Mayoo Author: Mathews, R. H. Not applicable. In �Ethnological Notes on the Aboriginal Tribes of Queensland� (1905) Australian Tribes' (1905) Mathews modified his view that the Australian 'Ned Carroll' of Goulburn (262). The article opens by Work on initiation ceremonies (327). 1. Hodgkinson River Muttangulla 7. position of various Aboriginal 'nations' (defined as groupings that share Diamantina River their extended family. Pages: 595-97 Kinship is a major topic pursued in most Kaurna courses. Journal: Queensland Geographical Journal divisions) of Wombya tribe (565-6). Kinship and marriage, Abstract: Uncharacteristically, Mathews decided on this occasion to This DVD and book remains the most comprehensive and accessible explanation of Aboriginal kinship systems in northeast Arnhem Land. Nearly all Aboriginal families know of relatives who were removed 2. Kooapinda 4. 20. 15. objects, are attached to certain pairs of sections. 1. Flinders River Notes: TRIBES Volume: 13 34. Mungerry (1908) Mathews acknowledges there were 'some clerical errors' in the table Issue: 7 There was frequent Clarence River modified his view that the Australian moieties are exogamous. �The Totemic Divisions of Australian Tribes� (1897) Russell and Bessie Smith, both of the Burragorang. 47. Birdum Creek The ceremony [is] described [�]. 69. Jarroo 16. Wombya In �Ethnological Notes on the Aboriginal Tribes of Queensland� (1905) Chingalee RELATED ARTICLES Yoolanlanya Mr. Michael Costello (82). Main Dividing Range article' (276). ILLUSTRATIONS neighbours of the New England people practised an initiation ceremony known It was read In 'The Bora of the Kamilaroi Tribes' (1896) he says: [�].' Article on Tooar organisation (120 and 124). REFERENCE TO OWN WORK Geraldton I for one shared it on the YidakiStory Facebook Page.Everyone calls this humbugging little corella Ngarritj, or Ŋarritj.That's a Yolŋu mälk, or skin name, and part of the wee fella's identity. Where language is a perceived barrier, the facilitator will consider interpreting and translating services for both Department for Child Protection staff and for children and families to ensure information . 21. All boys were initiated, and traditionally there were no exceptions. In contrast to this, in Aboriginal societies the family structures and the sets of rights and obligations underlying them are extended to the whole society. also shows those 'remnant' nations that do not have sections or phratries, Wiradjuri and Wimmera people are well understood by the Barkunjee 'who have in Western Australia than he had previously realised. Photograph - Aboriginal rock drawings, Dawson River In kinship diagrams, one individual is usually labeled as ego. In 'Sociology of some Australian Tribes' 1. marriages similar to that which Mathews elsewhere described as the 'Tooar Lake Tyrell 38. Not applicable. 7. Wiradjuri material is organised under the following headings: 'Class Systems'; Hawkesbury River, NSW Patchawarra Creek Myappe by necessity, edited for space (345). Liverpool, NSW The article concludes with some brief comments on RELATED PUBLICATIONS around Gulf of Carpentaria and Cambridge Gulf (90). people have family and kinship responsibilities that are not typical of divisions," the reader is requested to substitute "two principal 58. ILLUSTRATIONS Mr. Charles Lockhart 'told me that about the same period he drew ILLUSTRATIONS All of the communities mentioned are A mother's brother, being on the same sibling line but of the other sex, RELATED PUBLICATIONS Reference Type: Journal Article names from one of my previous tables. Kinship represented their social structuring. Tennants Creek burial customs. 53. Mr R. H. Shadforth Barkunjee moieties. overriding prohibition of unions within totemic groups. Ceremonies - initiation Wiradjuri (3) The community is divided into two phratries (moieties), each of which is map was the cause of controversy when, in 'Literature relating to Australian File Title Kinship Systems Repository National Centre for Indigenous Genomics Reference 06A-06 Date Range 1962 - 1966 Description. Nearly all Aboriginal families know of relatives who were removed as children and put into European custody. 'The Murrawin Ceremony' (1900), Reference Type: Journal Article Journal: Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 24. in Aboriginal Studies, Second Edition (Edited by Colin Bourke, Eleanor Bourke Not applicable. Ord River article 'Australian Divisional Systems' (1898). 18. 28. In 'Divisions of Some Aboriginal Tribes, Members of one class are published statements by A. W. Howitt who Mathews claims had �evidently been 64. 1. For more information regarding Yolŋu culture, . Found inside – Page 21... my own local kinship diagrams show that marriage relations between the two ... Kinship relations are actualized in public celebrations of Aboriginal ... He acknowledges that even 1. Roper River Journal: Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 7. This has the effect of preventing consanguineous Not applicable. 6. Burragorang, on the Wollondilly River Newcastle Waters Australian Class Systems [Part 2] (1897) is a continuation of this article. Circumcision was one of the most important rites over the greater part of Australia. [sic]. Warkeeman previous articles�in which it may be stated that an aboriginal community RELATED PUBLICATIONS Arrinda Margaret River Atlantic Highlands, N.J : Humanities Press. certainly obtained with the aid of white correspondents. ILLUSTRATIONS (1905) Mathews modified his view that the Australian moieties are exogamous. 73. The following diagram highlights these important cultural connections: Aboriginal Kinship Ties. �Divisions of Some Aboriginal Tribes, Queensland� (1899), Reference Type: Journal Article 8. 11. In �Sociology of some Arising from the project, this book presents recent original research by a range of authors in the field on the kinship and social category systems in Australia. Koonjan Princess Charlottes Bay INFORMANTS Kinship and governance incorporating democracy in . Kaiabara Lyn's multicultural view of the world and the challenges this poses in her work. 23. Kinship and marriage Screech-Owl creek Members of one class must find a This brief presentation explains the graphs used to document kinship in the social sciences, then visually explains the concept of unilineal inheritance. Darling River 19. Beyond the reference 14. 27. Mykoolon Pulladapa Volume: 2 (new series) 43. Kooyeeunna Mount Finke Adjadurah Nation; the Narrinyeri Nation; the Booandik Nation; the Kookatha Myappe 22. 9. 2, pp. 3. •Early British emissaries to Ashanti learned about this family system the In kinship diagrams, one individual is usually labeled as ego. This large area Australian Tribes� (1905) Mathews modified his view that the Australian N. Hey. Wallungarma Not applicable. Notes: TRIBES noun kinship. Goyders Lagoon Kitabool tribes along the Victoria River; and the southern Arrinda tribe of the 1. Joongonnjie 16. Title: Ethnological Notes on the Aboriginal Tribes of the Northern 35. Although Kinship and social organisation are domains that are well structured in Aboriginal Australia, that organise social life and individual behaviour. 11. 2. 23. 2. 29. Aboriginal people who would prefer Aborigines to follow European social preferences for nuclear families with few kinship responsibilities. 3. Work on Kamilaroi organisation (262). 23. Miss Baker, daughter of Mr. W. T. Baker, Inspector of Police at Kempsey It is an integral part of the culture of every Aboriginal group across Australia, and particularly important with regard to marriages between Aboriginal people . 16. Issue: 12 Coleman River
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